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Shrine of Venus Cloacina
The Shrine of Venus Cloacina (''Sacellum Cloacinae'' or ''Sacrum Cloacina'') — the "Shrine of Venus of the Sewer" — was a small sanctuary on the Roman Forum, honoring the divinity of the ''Cloaca Maxima'', the spirit of the "Great Drain" or Sewer of Rome. Cloacina, the Etruscan goddess associated with the entrance to the sewer system, was later identified with the Roman goddess Venus for unknown reasons.
==History and legend==
The Etruscan deity Cloacina may well have been associated originally with the small brook that later became the city's ''Cloaca Maxima'', but the Shrine of Venus Cloacina is first mentioned by the playwright Plautus〔''Curculio'', Act 4 Scene 1 〕 in the early 2nd century BC. It was located in the Forum in front of the ''Tabernae Novae'' ("new shops") and on the Via Sacra. The ''Tabernae Novae'' were replaced by the expanded Basilica Aemilia in the middle Republic (179 BC), but the Shrine was preserved. The round masonry Shrine probably dates from this construction (or major remodeling).
Legend, however, ascribes the origin of the Shrine to the period of the Sabine king Titus Tatius (8th century BC), during the reign of Romulus. It was also according to legend that the father of the virtuous Verginia, a butcher in one of the stalls of the ''Tabernae Novae'', came out and stabbed his daughter rather than let her fall victim to the lecherous attentions of Appius Claudius in 449 BC.〔Grant, Michael (1970), ''The Roman Forum'', London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson; Photos by Werner Forman, pg 18.〕 (This was said to have occurred on the future site of the Shrine.)
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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